University Events

Description: The School for Marine Science and Technology
Department of Estuarine and Ocean Sciences
Special Seminar Announcement


"Marine Heat Waves in the Peru-Chile Upwelling System"


Alice Pietri
Associate Scientist
FONDECYT - IMARPE
Peru


Wednesday, December 15, 2021
12:30 pm to 1:30 pm
SMAST East Rooms 101/102
And Via Zoom

Abstract
Extreme climatic events, such as marine heatwaves (MHWs), can disrupt ecosystems significantly. Those discrete events of anomalously high temperature have been shown to globally increase in frequency and magnitude over the last decades. Coastal upwelling systems, because they are biodiversity hot-spots and socioeconomic hubs, are particularly vulnerable to those rapidly developing marine events. The coastal system of Peru and Chile in particular is highly exposed to climate variability because of its proximity to the equator. As such it is regularly impacted by El Niño events whose variability has been related to the longest and most intense MHWs in the region. However the intensively
studied El Niños tend to overshadow the MHWs of shorter duration that also have an important impact on the coastal environment as they can trigger other extreme events such as nearshore hypoxias and harmful algal blooms.
Using 38 years of satellite sea surface temperature data, the characteristics (spatial variability, frequency, intensity and duration) and evolution of MHWs in the South Tropical Eastern Pacific are investigated. The separation of events by duration allows to identify a spectrum, from El Niño events to shorter scale MHWs. Results show that the statistical distribution of MHWs properties, their spatial organization and preferential season of occurrence varies significantly in function of their duration. Besides, when removing large El Niño events, an
increase of occurrences, duration and intensity is observed over the last 38 years, contrary to the reduction that is observed in the region when considering all MHWs. Finally, the possible drivers are investigated to disentangle the role of the local (wind stress) and remote (equatorial variability) forcing in function of the events duration.
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For additional information, please contact Sue Silva at s1silva@umassd.edu